Introduction To 1962 Constitution Of Pakistan
The Constitution of Pakistan 1962 was the second Constitution of Pakistan, which was adopted on March 23, 1962. The constitution of 1962 was was adobted by General Ayoub Khan Which provides Presidental System of Governnmnet. The Constitution of 1962 was based on the principles of democracy, federalism, and Islamic socialism.
The Constitution of 1962 provided for a federal system of government, with a President as the head of state and a Prime Minister as the head of government. It also established a bicameral legislature, consisting of the National Assembly and the Senate. The Constitution also recognized the Islamic identity of Pakistan, and provided for the protection of the rights of minorities.
However, the Constitution of 1962 was not able to provide a stable political environment in Pakistan, and it was abrogated in 1969 by the military government of General Yahya Khan. Despite this, the Constitution of 1962 remains an important document in the history of Pakistan, as it set the foundation for the future constitutional developments in the country
Salient Feature Of 1962 Constitution
Federal Structure
One of the most significant features of the 1962 Constitution was its federal structure. The constitution provided for a centralized government with a bicameral legislature, comprising of the National Assembly and the Senate. The President of Pakistan served as the head of state and government, with the Prime Minister serving as the head of government. The constitution also provided for the formation of provinces and the division of powers between the federal and provincial governments.
Islamic Provisions
Another important feature of the 1962 Constitution was its incorporation of Islamic principles. The constitution declared that Pakistan would be an Islamic Republic and that the state would be based on the principles of Islam. It also provided for the establishment of an Islamic court and the appointment of an Islamic research council to advise the government on Islamic law.
Protection of Fundamental Rights
The 1962 Constitution also provided for the protection of fundamental rights. It included provisions for the protection of freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, freedom of religion, and the right to a fair trial. The constitution also provided for the protection of minority rights and the rights of women.
Parliamentary Democracy
The 1962 Constitution established a parliamentary democracy in Pakistan. The National Assembly and the Senate were responsible for making laws and the Prime Minister was responsible for the administration of the government. The constitution also provided for the holding of free and fair elections and the formation of a government through the electoral process.
Conclusion
The 1962 Constitution of Pakistan was an important document that laid the foundations for the country's political and legal system. Its federal structure, Islamic provisions, protection of fundamental rights, and parliamentary democracy were key features that have had a lasting impact on the country's political and social development.
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